Principle of Water and Fertilizer Preservation
Research data points out that humus in organic fertilizer containing fat, wax and resin, which contains about 80-85% carbon, 10% hydrogen, 3-18% oxygen. Because the formation of the soil with high fertility, these materials can infiltrate the soil mass and make them hydrophobic; weakened the soil wet process and capillary water movement speed, reducing the evaporation capacity of soil moisture and enhance soil water-holding ability, thus the soil moisture condition is improved.
Studies on the hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties of humus indicate that they are determined by Humic acid molecule on the edge of the upper side chain, which are attached to the group of the non-aromatic (fatty group) on the side chain.When the degree of polymerization of humic acid molecules is small, the amount of its side chain groups dew degree is bigger; there is inverse relationship between them, and the relationship between humic substances and water molecules determines the nature of the organic material moisture to some extent .
Soil structure also has a profound effect on soil moisture.
The structure of granules is related to the amount of soil organic matter and the amount of organic fertilizer applied. The structure of water stable pellets can guarantee the porosity of soil surface and facilitate water permeation. This structure is characterized by loose aggregate of agglomeration, large porosity of non-capillary , which can reduce the height and speed of water capillary movement in soil and reduce evaporation of moisture on soil surface.The larger the granular aggregate structure is, the larger the radius of the soil particle structure is, and the velocity of the capillary water rise is inversely proportional to the radius of the structure unit. The capillary water movement speed is slow, and the soil water status is regulated.
